Everything about Bangladesh Nationalist Party totally explained
Bangladesh Nationalist Party (
Bengali: বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল
Bangladesh Jatiotabadi Dôl, BNP) is the immediate past ruling
political party of
Bangladesh, as part of an alliance with
Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh (as of
October 2006). It was founded on
September 1,
1978, by former
President General Ziaur Rahman. The party has ruled the country in four separate terms. The party's chair is General Zia's widow,
Begum Khaleda Zia, an ex-
Prime Minister of Bangladesh. In 2001 elections the BNP and its
Islamist allies got 46% of the vote and 215 of the 300 seats in Parliament, while the
secular Awami League got 40% of the votes and 62 seats to become the largest opposition party.
Major General Ziaur Rahman, during his tenure as
president of the republic, reoriented the country's
foreign policy, and moved away from the pro-Indian and
pro-Soviet positions of the previous government. He emphasized the need for closer relations with
Muslim majority countries, including former sister country
Pakistan, and
the West, including the
United States and the
United Kingdom. Ties were also strengthened with the
Peoples Republic of China, which, along with
Saudi Arabia, had only recognized Bangladesh after August 1975 when the country's founding father
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was assassinated.
The 1991-'96 and 2001-'06 BNP led governments' successes include development in the education sector, infrastructure and telecommunications development, growth of macro-economy, and improvement of law and order situation. However, failure to improve power generation, allowing the rise of Islamic militancy, and large-scale corruption by top party leaders have subjected them to frequent criticism. While both the governments were seen as business-friendly, their pro-market policies led to significant price-inflation.
The BNP promotes a very
center-right policy combining elements of
conservatism,
corporatism,
nationalism,
militarism, anti-
anarchism and
anti-communism. It is more popular among the country's
business class, military, and conservatives, and is credited with bringing socio-economic stability in the country. Two such parties, Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh and
Islami Oikya Jote, are currently coalition partners that ruled from 2001-2006 and stoof in the upcoming 2007 elections.
In September 2007, Zia expelled party Secretary General
Abdul Mannan Bhuiyan and Joint Secretary General
Ashraf Hossain accusing breaching party discipline and conspiring to split the party. Bhuiyan stated he didn't recognise the expulsion as valid, thus threatening to split the BNP.
After Zia was detained by the transitional government in 2007, some party members chose
Hafizuddin Ahmed to lead the party; Zia's supporters didn't recognize this. The electoral commission subsequently invited Hafizuddin's faction, rather than Zia's, to participate in talks, effectively recognizing the former as the legitimate BNP. Zia challenged this in court, but her appeal was rejected on
April 10 2008.
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